🎯 Goal: Learn to describe what’s in a room and where things are located, using the verb hay for existence and prepositions of place with estar for precise location. Master 20 essential nouns for common room objects and confidently use 7 key prepositions of place to give detailed descriptions of object placement.
📌 Vocabulary: Objects in a Room
Learn 20 common nouns for objects in a room with their articles.
| Spanish | English |
|---|---|
| una mesa | a table |
| una silla | a chair |
| una cama | a bed |
| una lámpara | a lamp |
| un armario | a wardrobe |
| una estantería | a shelf |
| una alfombra | a rug |
| una ventana | a window |
| una puerta | a door |
| un cuadro | a painting |
| un espejo | a mirror |
| un escritorio | a desk |
| una planta | a plant |
| una cocina | a kitchen |
| un dormitorio | a bedroom |
| un baño | a bathroom |
| una habitación | a room |
| un salón | a living room |
| una sala de estar | a living room |
| una pared | a wall |
| un ordenador | a computer |
| un portátil | a laptop |
↩️ Flashcard:
Read each Spanish word aloud and try to recall its English meaning. If you get stuck, flip the card to check.
✅ Vocabulary Quiz
Select the correct response from the options below.
🧠 Grammar: Verb -Hay-
The verb hay means “there is” or “there are” and is used to indicate the existence of something in a place. It never changes form – always hay, regardless of number or subject.
| Hay | There is / There are |
| No hay | There is not / There are not |
1️⃣ With indefinite articles:
- Hay un libro. – There is a book.
- Hay una mesa. – There is a table.
- Hay un gato. – There is a cat.
- Hay una ventana. – There is a window.
2️⃣ With numbers:
- Hay dos sillas. – There are two chairs.
- Hay tres estudiantes. – There are three students.
- Hay cinco libros. – There are five books.
- Hay cuatro ventanas. – There are four windows.
3️⃣ Negative form:
- No hay una lámpara. – There is no lamp.
- No hay un profesor. – There is no teacher.
- No hay una mesa. – There is no table.
- No hay problema. – There is no problem.
🧭 HAY vs. ESTÁ: What’s the difference?
Use HAY to talk about the existence of something – usually with un / una / unos / unas, or no article at all):
- Hay una silla en la habitación. – There’s a chair in the room.
- Hay libros en la mesa. – There are books on the table.
Use ESTÁ / ESTÁN to talk about the location of specific or known things, usually with el / la / los / las, names, or demonstratives (este, esa…):
- La silla está en la habitación. – The chair is in the room.
- Los libros están en la mesa. – The books are on the table.
- Mi mochila está debajo de la cama. – My backpack is under the bed.
| Use HAY with: | Use ESTÁ / ESTÁN with: |
|---|---|
| un / una / unos / unas | el / la / los / las |
| numbers (e.g., tres) | demonstratives (este, esa…) |
| no article | specific known objects (e.g.,mi mochila,el libro rojo) |
↩️ Flashcard:
Practice by reading each Spanish phrase aloud, then try to translate it to English from memory. Check the back of the card if you need help. Continue reviewing until you’ve learned them all!
🧩 Fill in the Blanks
Complete the sentences with the correct form of the verb hay or estar.
🧠 Grammar: Prepositions of Place
Prepositions of place describe where objects are located relative to each other. Use them with the verb estar (from Lesson 5) for location.
| Preposition | English | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| encima de | on (top of) | Always use de → encima de la mesa |
| debajo de | under | Always use de → debajo de la silla |
| delante de | in front of | Always use de → delante de la ventana |
| detrás de | behind | Always use de → detrás de la puerta |
| al lado de | next to | Always use de → al lado del armario |
| entre | between | No de → entre dos sillas |
| en | in / on | No de→ en la mesa, en el escritorio |
| Example Sentence | English |
|---|---|
| La lámpara está encima de la mesa. | The lamp is on top of the table. |
| El gato está debajo de la silla. | The cat is under the chair. |
| La planta está delante de la ventana. | The plant is in front of the window. |
| El cuadro está detrás de la puerta. | The painting is behind the door. |
| La cama está al lado del armario. | The bed is next to the wardrobe. |
| La mesa está entre dos sillas. | The table is between two chairs. |
| El libro está en el escritorio. | The book is on the desk. |
↩️ Flashcard (Prepositions):
↩️ Flashcard (Example Sentence):
📚 Reading: Mi Habitación
Read the text “Mi habitación” and answer the questions.
En mi habitación hay una cama, un armario y una silla. La cama es grande. El armario es nuevo. La lámpara está encima de la mesa.
⬇️ Click to show translation of text
In my room, there is a bed, a wardrobe, and a chair. The bed is big. The wardrobe is new. The lamp is on the table.
🎧 Listening Practice
Listen to the sentences and fill in the blanks with the missing words.
🗣️ Shadowing Practice
Practice pronunciation with sentences combining hay, prepositions, and vocabulary.
⬇️ Click to see the transcript and translation
Hay un libro encima de la mesa. – There is a book on top of the table.
La lámpara está al lado de la cama. – The lamp is next to the bed.
Hay dos sillas en la sala. – There are two chairs in the living room.
El gato está debajo de la mesa. – The cat is under the table.
No hay una planta en la habitación. – There is no plant in the room.
La ventana está delante del escritorio. – The window is in front of the desk.
🎯 Quiz: Prepositions of Place
Look at the pictures, read the sentences, and choose the correct preposition for each blank.
🔍 Fill in the Missing Word
Complete the text using the words provided.
↩️ Flashcard: Review Vocabulary
Strengthen your word knowledge with these vocabulary flashcards. Focus on memorizing each term and its correct translation.